KnowledgeandVirtue
?約翰·亨利·紐曼/JohnHenryNewman
Knowledgeisonething,virtueisanother;goodsenseisnotconscience,refinementisnothumility,norislargenessandjustnessofviewfaith.Philosophy,howeverenlightened,howeverprofound,givesnocommandoverthepassions,noinfluentialmotives,novivifyingprinciples.LiberaleducationmakesnottheChristian,nottheCatholic,butthegentleman.Itiswelltobeagentleman,itiswelltohaveacultivatedintellect,adelicatetaste,acandid,equitable,dispassionatemind,anobleandcourteousbearingintheconductoflife—thesearetheconnaturalqualitiesofalargeknowledge;theyaretheobjectsofaUniversity;Iamadvocating,Ishallillustrateandinsistuponthem;butstill,Irepeat,theyarenoguaranteeforsanctityorevenforconscientiousness,theymayattachtothemanoftheworld,totheprofligate,totheheartless,pleasant,alas,andattractiveasheshowswhendecked,outinthem.Takenbythemselves,theydobutseemtobewhattheyarenot;theylooklikevirtueatadistance,buttheyaredetectedbycloseobservers,andonthelongrun;andhenceitisthattheyarepopularlyaccusedofpretenseandhypocrisy,not,Irepeat,fromtheirownfault,butbecausetheirprofessorsandtheiradmirerspersistintakingthemforwhattheyarenot,andareofficiousinarrogatingforthemapraisetowhichtheyhavenoclaim.Quarrythegraniterockwithrazors,ormoorthevesselwithathreadofsilk,thenmayyouhopewithsuchkeenanddelicateinstrumentsashumanknowledgeandhumanreasontocontendagainstthosegiants,thepassionandtheprideofman.
知識是一回事，美德則是另外一回事。好意不是良心，優雅不是謙讓，廣博與公正的觀點也不是信仰。無論多麼富有啟迪或高深莫測的哲學，都無法左右感情，都不具備有影響力的動機，都不具有導致生動活潑的原理。文科教育並非為了造就基督教徒或者天主教徒，而是為了造就紳士。造就一個紳士是件美好的事，有教養的才智，優雅的情趣，正直、公正而冷靜的頭腦，高貴而彬彬有禮的舉止——這些是與淵博的學識與生俱來的品質，也正是大學教育的目的。我倡導它們，並加以闡釋和堅持。不過我要說的是，它們仍然不能確保聖潔，甚或不能保證誠實。
它們可以附庸於世故的俗人，附庸於玩世不恭的浪子。唉，當他們用它偽裝起來時，就更增加了他們外表上的冷靜、快活和魅力。就其本身而言，它們似乎已經面目全非，它們已成為一種只可遠觀的美德，只有經過長久的觀察方可探知真相。因此它們受到廣泛的責難，被指責為虛假、偽善。我想強調的是，這絕不是因為它們自身有什麼過錯，而是因為教授及其崇拜者們一味地把它們弄得面目全非，而且還慇勤地獻上其本身並未要求的讚揚。如果說用剃刀能開採花崗岩，用絲線能繫住船隻，那麼你就可以希望能用人的知識和理性這樣美妙而優雅的東西，去同人類的情感和高傲那樣的龐然大物進行抗爭。
1.Knowledgeisone_______,virtueisanother;goodsenseis_______conscience,refinementisnothumility,norislargenessandjustnessof_______faith.
2._______bythemselves,theydobut_______tobewhattheyarenot;theylook______virtueatadistance,buttheyaredetectedby_______observers,andonthelongrun;andhenceitisthattheyarepopularlyaccusedofpretense_______hypocrisy,not,Irepeat,fromtheirown_______,butbecausetheirprofessorsandtheiradmirerspersist_______takingthemforwhattheyarenot,andareofficiousinarrogatingforthema_______towhichtheyhavenoclaim.
1.好意不是良心，優雅不是謙讓，廣博與公正的觀點也不是信仰。
2.我倡導它們，並加以闡釋和堅持。
3.唉，當他們用它偽裝起來時，就更增加了他們外表上的冷靜、快活和魅力。
1.Iamadvocating,Ishallillustrateandinsistuponthem.
insistupon：堅持
2.Irepeat,theyarenoguaranteeforsanctityorevenforconscientious-ness.
guaranteefor：保證；擔保